Negation

The negation detection annotator identifies the spans of text that are the object of a negation and also identifies the text that triggered the negation. The annotator adds a negated field to annotations to indicate if the annotation is negated.

Configurations

Configuration	Values	Description
fully_covered	true/false	When true (default), an annotation must be fully covered by a negated span to be marked negated. If false, the annotation will be considered negated if any part of it overlaps with a negated span.
remove_negated	true/false	When false (default), an annotation will be kept although they are detected to be negated. If true, the negated annotation will be removed

Annotation Types

NegatedSpan

NegatedSpan

Feature	Description
begin	The start position of the annotation as a character offset into the text. The smallest possible start position is 0.
end	The end position of the annotation as character offset into the text. The end position points at the first character after the annotation, such that end-begin equals the length of the coveredText.
coveredText	The text covered by an annotation as a string.
type	NegatedSpan
trigger	The text that triggered the negation. For example, in the text She denies pain, the trigger is denies.

Trigger

Feature	Description
begin	The start position of the annotation as a character offset into the text. The smallest possible start position is 0.
end	The end position of the annotation as character offset into the text. The end position points at the first character after the annotation, such that end-begin equals the length of the coveredText.
coveredText	The text covered by an annotation as a string.
type	trigger

Sample Response

Sample response from the negation annotator for the text: The patient denies pain.

In this example, the concepts for pain was annotated with the negated field value of true to indicate it is negated.

{
  "unstructured": [
    {
      "text": "The patient denies pain.",
      "data": {
        "concepts": [
          {
            "cui": "C0030705",
            "preferredName": "Patients",

Annotators: Named Entities

Annotators: Procedures